Studies have shown that tamoxifen resistance is associated with IGFBP-1 accumulation and that the overexpression of IGFBP-1 promotes tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells by activating the ERK pathway, which can be reversed by knocking down IGFBP-1 (134)
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People who are leaner sometimes struggle with abdominal injections because the fat layer there can be thin, increasing the risk of accidental intramuscular injection
Semaglutide Wegovy / Ozempic Mechanism: GLP-1 receptor agonist (single target) Weight loss: ~15-17% body weight (STEP trials, 68 weeks) Dosing: Weekly injection, titrated from 0.25mg to 2.4mg Common side effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation (typically transient) Availability: Longer track record, more widely available Cardiovascular data: SELECT trial demonstrated 20% reduction in major cardiovascular events Tirzepatide Zepbound / Mounjaro Mechanism: Dual GLP-1 + GIP receptor agonist (two targets) Weight loss: ~20-22% body weight (SURMOUNT trials, 72 weeks) Dosing: Weekly injection, titrated from 2.5mg to 15mg Common side effects: Similar GI profile to semaglutide
The science is still developing, and while we are excited to offer this cutting-edge treatment to our patients who would benefit, our focus remains on safe, thoughtful integration and transparency about what is known and what is still being studied