A 2025 European Journal of Clinical Nutrition commentary on the NICE guideline argued that the diagnostic threshold and clinical awareness still need to be tightened further, especially around pernicious anaemia, which is still under-recognised in primary care
An older study looked at the effects of hydrocortisone (a type of corticosteroid) on brain function and sleep
[1] Because intrinsic-factor-dependent uptake in the distal ileum can be absent in conditions such as autoimmune gastritis, pancreatic insufficiency, or bariatric surgery, the intramuscular or subcutaneous route bypasses gastrointestinal barriers and reliably restores serum concentrations
That said, research has not confirmed that taking doses of vitamin B-12 or methionine above the recommended amount helps a person lose weight
Besides a poor diet, one of the main causes of B12 deficiency is malabsorption of the intestine, which occurs due to various medical conditions or medications that inhibit the bodys natural absorption mechanism
Some doctors even claim to have their own special skinny shot cocktail