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AT-7687, a Novel GIPR Peptide Antagonist, Combined with a GLP-1 Agonist, Leads to Enhanced Weight Loss and Metabolic Improvements in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The sparse evidence for most injectable peptides means we have very little data on side effects

Link Murai, S., et al

The addition of B12 does not change the semaglutide mechanism or dosing

Abbreviations ACC: Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase ACOX1: Acyl-CoA Oxidase 1 Akt: Protein Kinase B ALT: Alanine Aminotransferase AMP: Adenosine Monophosphate AMPK: AMP-Activated Protein Kinase AST: Aspartate Aminotransferase ATF6: Activating Transcription Factor-6 ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate BMI: Body Mass Index CAT: Catalase CD36: Cluster of Differentiation 36 CHOP: C/EBP Homologous Protein ChREBP: Carbohydrate-Responsive Element-Binding Protein CPT1/CPT1A: Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase-1 CYP450: Cytochrome P450 DHM: Dihydromyricetin DNL: De Novo Lipogenesis ECM: Extracellular Matrix EGCG: Epigallocatechin Gallate eNOS: Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase ER: Endoplasmic Reticulum ERS: Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress FAS / FASN: Fatty Acid Synthase FATP5: Fatty Acid Transport Protein-5 FFA: Free Fatty Acids FLD: Fatty Liver Disease FMO5: Flavin-Containing Monooxygenase-5 FXR: Farnesoid X Receptor G6Pase: Glucose-6-Phosphatase GLP-1: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 GPX: Glutathione Peroxidase GPX4: Glutathione Peroxidase-4 GR: Glutathione Reductase GSH: Reduced Glutathione HDL: High-Density Lipoprotein HO-1: Heme Oxygenase-1 IRS-1: Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 JNK: c-Jun N-terminal Kinase LDL: Low-Density Lipoprotein LPCAT3: Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferase-3 LPS: Lipopolysaccharide LXR: Liver X Receptor Alpha MAFLD: Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease MAPK: Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase MASLD: Metabolic DysfunctionAssociated Steatotic Liver Disease MDA: Malondialdehyde mTOR: Mammalian Target of Rapamycin MyD88: Myeloid Differentiation Primary Response-88 NAFLD: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease NASH: Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis NF-B: Nuclear Factor Kappa-B NQO1: NAD(P)H Quinone Dehydrogenase-1 Nrf2: Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Related Factor-2 PEPCK: Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase PGC-1: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor- Coactivator-1 PI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase PPAR-: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha PTP1B: Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species SIRT1: Sirtuin-1 SOD: Superoxide Dismutase SOD2: Manganese Superoxide Dismutase SREBP-1c: Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein-1c SREBP-2: Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein-2 TG: Triglycerides TGR5: Takeda G-Protein-Coupled Receptor-5 THC: Tetrahydrocurcumin TLR4: Toll-Like Receptor-4 -SMA: Alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin References Amini-Salehi E, Letafatkar N, Norouzi N, Joukar F, Habibi A, Javid M, et al

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