2.2 Exclusion criteria We excluded any articles or compounds that did not meet the above standards
The immunotoxic activity of OTA probably results from degenerative changes and cell death following necrosis and apoptosis in combination with slow replacement of affected immune cells due to inhibition of protein synthesis [85]
Two cycles per year provides substantial regenerative support
Therefore the overall impact on fertility that ROS has is not a matter of if it is there or not (as mentioned earlier, some oxidative stress is required for various reproductive physiological functions), but when levels of ROS are too high (or antioxidant levels are too low) it becomes pathological to sperm and the ability to get pregnant
These data suggest that GSH synthesis, potentially through NRF2 repression, also limits NRF1 protein expression in the liver
However, this photosensitiser, in the type II pathway, can transfer its high energy to triplet oxygen and form singlet oxygen (Reference Huang and Choe52) and convert it to an ROS
