The September 2024 LIFT-AD trial termination after meeting enrollment demonstrates that this approach, despite decades of development, does not slow Alzheimer's cognitive decline in humans
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Specifically, researchers want to ensure that compounds promoting rapid cell growth and new blood vessel formation do not inadvertently accelerate the growth of harmful, abnormal cells
The TRIUMPH-4 Phase 3 trial in obesity with knee osteoarthritis (Bays et al., NEJM 2025) reported 28.7% mean weight loss at 68 weeks at the 12 mg dose, plus a 75.8% reduction in WOMAC knee pain scores
For topical GHK-Cu, that usually means applying a small, consistent amount once or twice daily
Simpson says peptides come in pills, injectables and now nasal sprays