Overall, there is not sufficient evidence to recommend B12 on its own for the elderly with impaired cognitive function, although those with early symptoms may benefit
Its sometimes used alongside treatment for depression and anxiety
Functions as a for metabolic reaction required for synthesis of purines and pyrimidines: co-enzyme The reaction depends on methyl cobalamin as a co-factor and is also dependent on folate, in which the methyl group of methyltetrahydrofolate is transferred to homocysteine to form methionine and tetrahydrofolate
NICE Clinical Knowledge Summary
(2019) Vitamin B12 intake from animal foods, biomarkers, and health aspects
For example, people who maintain a vegetarian or vegan diet, people with absorption disorders, and those taking prescription meds like Metformin, Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs), and H2 blockers like Pepcid are often at greater risk