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Mechanistically, HL-5s increases YB-1 acetylation, inhibits the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway, elevates Fe 2+ levels, and generates ROS through the Fenton reaction, ultimately promoting the production of LPO, which triggers ferroptosis[64]

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