At the systemic level, GLP-1 RAs improve insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues (muscle, adipose), reduce circulating free fatty acid flux to the liver, suppress hypothalamic appetite circuits to promote weight loss, and lower systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-, IL-1, IL-6), thereby reducing the hepatic inflammatory milieu indirectly [7,26,30]
Clinical trials (e.g., SUSTAIN and STEP programs) have demonstrated significant HbA1c reduction and meaningful weight loss in both diabetic and non-diabetic populations
These results contribute to growing evidence supporting GLP-1RAs as a potential novel treatment approach for AUD, although further large-scale studies are needed
To many others, I always appeared slender despite being overweight
I had some facial injections and fillers around my eyes with minimal bruising
Pregnancy and breastfeeding precautions are essential