Kidney Int 2024;106: 699e711
Symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency can range from fatigue and weakness to more severe neurological issues, such as numbness or memory problems
Symptoms trump labs: Regardless of whether you do lab testing, pay attention to how you feel
Obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes are all known to increase the risk of dementia, largely due to their role in driving inflammation, vascular damage, and other long-term stressors on the brain
The exception: in March 2024, the FDA approved a supplemental indication for semaglutide 2.4 mg (Wegovy) to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke in adults with established cardiovascular disease and either obesity or overweight (SELECT trial, Lincoff et al., New England Journal of Medicine 2023)
Pancreatitis: A history of pancreatitis or predisposition to pancreatitis