SS-31 (Elamipretide): Mitochondrial Protection, Cardioprotection, and Research Applications SS-31 (elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide that binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane
Circulation 137 , 794805 (2018)
Studies suggest that it may regulate thousands of genes involved in: Tissue regeneration Inflammatory responses DNA repair Cellular protection Extracellular matrix metabolism In addition, GHK-Cu has been investigated for its ability to support the activity of dermal fibroblasts, the cells responsible for producing collagen, elastin, and other essential structural components of the skin
Intermediate users commonly use 300-400 mcg daily, while advanced protocols may utilize 500 mcg daily or divided doses of 250 mcg twice per day
Without enough water, your body cannot effectively flush those byproducts out, which can sometimes lead to feeling sluggish
Journal of Pain Research, 12 , 31473159