All animals were maintained on a C57BL/6 background
They allow researchers to observe whether a molecule that works in a dish also works when applied to a complete biological system with its own circulatory, immune, and signaling networks
How Autoimmune Disease Can Raise Heart Risk Autoimmune disease may increase heart risk through chronic inflammation
Considering the bihormonal nature of the pathophysiology of diabetes, the glucose-dependent insulinotropic and glucagonostatic properties of GLP-1 have made GLP-1 an ideal candidate for the treatment of T1DM and T2DM
Exogenous lipids In the 1990s, research teams found that non-esterified fatty acids, including oleic acid, linoleic acid, and their metabolites, can promote VSMC mitosis through the protein kinase C pathway and lead to vascular remodeling [164,165,166]
It is involved in essential processes such as antioxidant defense, DNA stability, detoxification, and cell membrane stabilization (Iskusnykh 2022)