So people at greatest risk for deficiency include those with low stomach acid (e.g., older adults and people on proton pump inhibitors or antacids) or low IF production (known as pernicious anemia), people on medications that interfere with B12 absorption (such as metformin), people who have had gastric surgery, those with GI conditions that impair nutrient absorption (like celiac or Crohn's disease), and people on vegan and vegetarian diets
Blood glucose monitoring should be intensified in such patients during both titration and maintenance phases
Killion EA et al (2020) Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor Therapies for the Treatment of Obesity, Do Agonists = Antagonists
2012;6:CD000253
Meal #8: Protein Oatmeal Bowl Ingredients: 1/2 cup dry oats cooked in water 1 scoop vanilla protein powder mixed in 1/2 sliced banana 1 tablespoon chopped walnuts Cinnamon to taste Why it works: Warm, comforting, filling
5-amino-1-methylquinolinium has been found to reduce adipocyte size and lower plasma total cholesterol levels in diet-induced obese mice and improve muscle strength in aged mice 204,205 (Fig