Neuroscientist 19 , 4361 (2013)
And the early growth response 1 (egr-1) gene expression pattern, originally identified in skin wound healing, also appears in muscle and tendon repair work, suggesting a shared transcriptional response
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"There are basically no published human efficacy trials for BPC-157." Phillips says all he can find is one small safety study from a decade ago, and a trial that only started enrolling participants this past February
Specifically, analyzed were the affected brain areas (04), cerebral (NTP-7, Level 3), cerebellar cortex (NTP-7, Level 6), and hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus (NTP-7, Level 3) as follows (score 0 indicates no histopathologic change): score 1: small, patchy, complete, or incomplete infarcts (10% of the area affected)
Reticulocytosis (increased production of immature red blood cells) typically begins by day 3-4 of starting treatment, indicating active bone marrow recovery