phosphorylated Nrf2 enters the nucleus, binds to the antioxidant response element, and initiates the transcription of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory genes (e.g., heme oxygenase-1 [HO-1] and SOD) (Sigfridsson et al., 2020)
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Its composed of three amino acids: glutamine, glycine, and cysteine
Glutathione antioxidant effects include glutathione peroxidase-catalyzed reactions with the removal of hydrogen peroxide, organic peroxides, and peroxynitrite
It is 15 amino acid long synthetic peptide that has been the focus of many scientific studies investigating its possible action and therapeutic uses
Multiple aspects of homocysteine neurotoxicity: Glutamate excitotoxicity, kinase hyperactivation and DNA damage