The presented results indicate, that in man, supplementation with high doses of antioxidants does not always ameliorate the oxidative stress component of various disease states of an organism or oxidative stress is not the only cause of the diseases
This is particularly relevant for oral administration, which is subject to intrinsic factor saturation and receptor limitations in the ileum ( Moreover, our results highlight the essential role of vitamin B12 in homocysteine metabolism, as supplementation was associated with a significant reduction in serum homocysteine levelsan important biomarker associated with cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases
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Inadequate calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, and other minerals essential for dental health could potentially compromise tooth and bone integrity, though this mechanism remains hypothetical